Communities in Tanzania mainland face a number of challenges that need interventions of different stakeholders. 'Tanzania Inland Development Organization seeks to compliment the government and other development partners efforts to combat the following challenges facing Tanzania communities;

One indication of poverty is low income, which means unable to met basic needs including sufficient food, good shelter and good clothing. According to Tanzania Human development report of 2017, The proportion of people experiencing extreme poverty, i.c., those living below the food poverty line, was 9.7 percent. Low household income in most 'Tanzania communities raised many negative challenges including rural urban movements of youths, increase in criminal actions, separation of parents, inaccessibility of better health services, inaccessibility of agriculture inputs and many other.

While improvements have been made in reducing poverty in 'Tanzania, much of the population still suffers from malnutrition and poor living conditions. 'Therefore more efforts and partnership still needed to continue strengthening of the communities' economy through initiatives such as small income generating activities establishment, entrepreneurship trainings, provision of soft loans, establishment and strengthening of lending and saving groups. Tanzania Inland Development Organization seeks to support the government and other development partners' efforts by designing and executing such programmes for poverty alleviation in Tanzania mainland.

HEALTH CHALLENGES.

Tanzania is still facing a lot of challenges in health sector in spite of efforts taken by the government and other local and international development partners. Health challenges have been posed largely by diseases including malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS, non-communicable diseases. These diseases have led to loss of life in many Tanzania mainland communities. Not only loss of life but also acceleration of poverty rate due to increase of the number of dependent groups in the society and loss of manpower.

With evident challenges in health sector, Tanzania Inland Development Organization seek to join the government and other development partners in improving health sector through various programmes including provision of health related education such as HIV/AIDS prevention awareness, mobilizing voluntary testing, making referral for treatment, water sanitation awareness, environmental cleanliness.

ENVIRONMENTAL DESTRUCTlON.

Environmental degradation has continued due to insufficient policies and community awareness on the importance of tree planting and conservation, many households and communities use fire wood and charcoal for food cooking and for selling in many parts of Tanzania mainland.

Communities cut trees on a huge amount charcoal sack and sell charcoal. Other challenges for environmental destruction are Shifting cultivation and new settlements establishment. Since people in these communities hav,e no I·ncome thei•r only soluti.on to get money i.s to go to the forest and cut trees illegally because they lack other source of income. As result soil erosion and

land degradation occurs. Agro forest is an important component to sustain environmental practices.

Tanzania Inland Development Organization therefore seek to join government and other development partners in protecting and conserving environment through designed programmes which will focus on trees planting, conservation of catchment areas, awareness creation on environmental conservation and promoting environmental friendly agronomic practices

GENDER INEQUALITY.

Many communities in Tanzania mainland are dominated by cultural practices and belief that promote inequality in tenn of men and women. Women are treated like properties of men hence they lack some important rights including right to property ownership and decision making power at family level to the community level at large. Gender based violence's is occurring and many of them are unreported due to fear on men, ignorance and lack of education. Gender based violence is still practiced as husbands use to beat their wives, confiscation of property by relatives after husband's death, killings of women which are associated by poor beliefs with witchcraft because of their nature of economic activities as they use fuel wood smokes which tend to make their eyes become reddish, and hence the tendency of associating them with witchcraft practices.

Also gender inequality goes further and rooted on cultural setting that led to cultural practices like early marriage and female genital mutilation in some societies. Statistics from Tanzania Demographic health survey 2016 indicates that 36% of girls aged 20 to 24 were married before turned 18 years old. According to Tanzania National survey on Child marriage (2017) Shinyanga is the leading region in the land by recording prevalence of (59%) followed by Tabora (58%), Mara (55%) and Dodoma (51 %). Child marriage is not only a violation of children rights but also it also leads to many effects to the victims and the community at large. These marriages causing girls to drop out of school so they can get married while denying them the right to make decisions of their own lives. Girls who are poorly educated in these communities are less likely to increase their household's income and the cycle of poverty that fuelled their own premature induction into marital duties continues and may later affect their own children.

Furthennore, early marriage can lead to health effects for girls because many get pregnancies while they are still young and their bodies are not yet matured to safely conceive and give birth.

Formation of Tanzania Inland Development Organization will contribute in fighting the existing gender inequality system. This will be attained through creation awareness trainings and strengthening existing governm ent structures like gender based violence and violence against children (GBV - VAC) commutties.